Scraper or like device and means for manipulating the same.



W. J. NEWMAN.

SCRAPER OR LIKE DEVICE AND MEANS FOR MANIPULATING THE SAME.

APPLICATION FILED use. a. 1913.

1,203,037. Patented Oct. 31,1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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W. J. NEWMAN.

SCRAPER 0R LIKE DEVICE AND MEANS FOR MANIPULATING THE SAME.

APPLICATION FILED 050. s. 1913.

1 03,037. Patented Oct. 31, 1916.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

WITNESSES:

A TTORNEY.

W. J. NEWMAN.

SCRAPER 0R LIKE DEVICE AND MEANS FOR. MMHFULAHNG THE SAME.

APPLICATION HLED DEC. 8.1913.

Patented 0015. 31, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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WILLIAM J. NEVMAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SCRAPER 0R LIKE DEVICE AND MEANS FOR MANIPULATING THE SAIVIE.

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Application filed December S, 1913.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM J NEWMAN,

of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inScrapers or like Devices and Means for l/Ianipulating the Same, of whichthe following is a specification.

My invention relates to a scraper for filling or excavating operationsand means for manipulating and controlling the movements of the same.

The principal objects of the invention are: to provide an apparatus ofthis'sort in which the movements and operations of the scraper, or otherlike device, may be conveniently, quickly and accurately controlled bythe operator so as to adapt the apparatus to the particular conditionswhich it has to meet; to provide an arrangement whereby the contents ofthe scraper may be completely discharged, even when consisting of stickymaterial such as clay for example, and may be discharged at such pointas the operator may desire; and finally, to provide an apparatus whichwill, be relatively simple, economical to construct and capable of beingoperated rapidly and accu 'ately by a smaller gang of men than iscommonly employed in work of this character.

The invention has for further objects the other new and improvedconstructions, arrangements and devices in excavating and filling appa'atus to be hereinafter described and claimed.

The invention is illustrated, in a preferred embodiment, in theaccompanying drawings wherein p Figure 1 shows, in side elevation, ascraper and means for manipulating the same constructed and arranged inaccordance with the invention; Fig. 2, a plan view, of the scraper;Figs. 3 and 1, side and end views thereof, respectively; Fig. 5, a planview of the apparatus; Fig. (3, a side elevation of the scraper showinga modified form of supporting element, and Fig. 7 a similar view showinganother modification.

Like characters of reference designate like parts in the several figuresof the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, 10 designates a platform shown as movablysupported on rollers 11.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 31, 1916.

Serial No. 805,323.

12 designates a mast revolubly mounted in a standard 13 on platform 10and supported at its upper end by a strut 14.

15 designates a boom pivoted to the mast 12.- The boom is raised andlowered by a cable 16 and winch 17 these parts being of familiarconstruction and not requiring detailed description. Any suitablesupporting structure for the scraper, its operating cables and sheaves,might be employed instead of the structure shown.

The scraper, in its preferred form (Figs. 1 to 41 inclusive) isdesignated 18. Its cutting edge is preferably curved, as indicated at19, and provided with teeth 20. The forward end of the scraper ispreferably rein forced by the arched band of metal 21. The design andconstruction of the scraper may, however, be varied without departurefrom the invention.

My invention resides particularly in certain devices and arrangementsfor supporting and manipulating the scraper. In the particular form ofapparatus shown in the drawings, the function of the scraper is tore-fill a trench, designated 22, with the previously excavated earth 23piled up along side of the trench. The scraper is first caused to diginto the pile of earth 23, is then transported in substantiallyhorizontal position to a point above the trench, and is thereupon tiltedor allowed to tilt into a vertical position, or an oblique positionapproaching the vertical, so as to discharge its contents into thetrench. It is then returned to a digging position on or behind the pileof earth 23. The arrangements are such that these movements are underthe control of a single operator who may vary them as occasion requires.Furthermore, the tilting movement can, if necessary, be made very suddenand in rapid succession so as toinsure the complete discharge ofvenie'ntly and accurately controlling the llO same are preferably asfollows: A designates a cable which is secured to the forward end of thescraper, for example, to the chain bail 2A with which the scraper ispreferably provided. The cable A extends between a pair of sheaves a, aon the boom 15 over a sheave a on the mast 12 and a sheave a mounted onthe platform 10 and is wound upon a winding drum A. This winding drum,which is preferably of the common friction type and is showndiagrammatically, is operated by an engine 25. The drum, as well knownto those familiar with this type of machinery, may be revolved so as towind up the cable A or, if desired, may be held stationary by the bandbrake A for instance, which is commonly used on apparatus of thischaracter and need not be particularly described. The weight of thebucket will unwind the cable when the brake is released. B designatesanother cable which is also attached to the flexible bail 24 of thescraper and extends under a sheave Z) on a supporting element 26 onwhich the rear end of the scraper is pivotally mounted. Preferably thesupportingelement 26 consists of an angular frame extending under thebottom of the scraper and pivoted thereto at points 27 which are removedfrom the back edge of the scraper but are back of its center of gravitywhen loaded. The cable B passes around the sheave b on boom 15 and oversheaves b 6 arranged on the same axes with the sheaves a a and is woundupon a drum B similar in construction to the drum A and similarlyoperated. Preferably the cable B is provided with a stop 28 adapted toabut against a stop member 29 on the supporting element 26 when thescraper is dumped. The boom 15 is swung on its pivotal mount by a rope30 extending around the double sheaves of a fall block 31 attached tothe boom,'and a fall block 32 attached to an outrigger 33 secured to theplatform 10. The cable then passes around the single sheave of a fallblock 34 on the platform and is given several turns around the niggerhead 35 of the engine which is shown as located on the shaft 86 on whichthe winding drum A is loosely mounted.

, In Fig. 6 I have shown a modified form of supporting element for theback of the scraper, this element consisting of two elements 37, 38,hinged together at 39, the member 38 being pivoted to the bottom of thescraper at 450.

Another modified construction is shown in Fig. 7. The supporting elementconsists of a frame 41 pivoted at 42 to strips 43 se cured to the backof the scraper. I prefer, however, to pivot the supporting element tothe under side of the scraper at points forward of the rear edge of thescraper as shown in Figs. 3 and 6 in order to give the scraper a tiltmore nearly approximating the vertical during the dumping operation.

The operation of the apparatus above described is as follows: Thescraper is caused to dig into the pile of earth 23 by winding up thecable A and, if necessary, paying out cable B, the latter depending uponthe position which the scraper takes with respect to the material intowhich it digs. The dotted lines in Fig. 1 illustrate the relation of theparts during the digging operation. After the scraper has been filled itis transported to a. point over the trench by winding up cable A andpaying out the cable B. This operation, which is entirely within thecontrol of the operator manipulating winding drums A, B, is carried onso as to keep the scraper in substantially horizontal position in orderthat the load may not be spilled. This substantially horizontal positionis maintained by placing the supporting element 26 across the back ofthe scraper so that contact between the rear end of the scraper and thesupport will prevent the cable engaging end of the supporting elementfrom passing forward of the back web of the scraper. hen the scraper hasreached the proper discharging point, with respect to the trench 22, forexample, the

operator holds cable A and quickly pulls up on cable B. The gravity ofthe load throws the scraper into the position shown in the full lines inFig. 1, that is, the scraper tilts on its pivot points 27 until stop 28comes into contact with stop 29 and if need be, until the bail 24 isfolded back over the scraper. This movement acts upon the load in thescraper with great force tending to throw it out. If the material is ofsticky character and the entire contents is not discharged in the firstoperation the scraper may be pulled back into horizontal position andthen dropped again by a proper manipulation of cable A. The scraper isreturned to the digging position by winding in cable B and paying outcable A. As a matter of fact the cables A and B are, in eflect, a singlecable since, in the construction shown, they are attached to the bail ofthe scraper at the same point. For the purpose of claiming the inventionit is more convenient to regard them as separate cables.

By the term cable it will be understood that I intend not only a ropebut any suitable chain, wire or other equivalent means. By referring tothe scraper as being held in substantially horizontal position duringthe period of transportation I intend such position as will prevent thespilling of the load in transit. It should also be understood that bythe term scraper I intend any suitable device for handling earth andother like material in the manner substantially as described. lVhile thecontrolling apparatus is of particular utility for the manipulation of adevice which digs or scrapes the earth the same apparatus might beemployed with an element designed simply for the trans portation ofmaterial.

The operation of the scraper may be made to cover considerable distancelengthwise of the trench without moving the entire apparatus by swingingthe boom through the manipulation of rope 30. The operation of the sc*aper is a little different for each angular position of the boom butthis causes no trouble because with my apparatus for manipulating thescraper its movements can be accurately controlled by means of thecables A, B.

It will be seen that the apparatus is very flexible in its operation sothat it may be used in a large variety of different situations. Everymovement of the scraper is under control and may be varied to suitvarious requirements of use. the apparatus may be controlled by a singleoperator. All of the movements of the scraper may be directed by themanipulation of cables A and B.

While I have described my invention in certain preferred embodiments, itwill be understood that modifications might be made without departingfrom the principles of the invention. Therefore I do not wish to beunderstood as limiting the invention to the particulars described andclaimed 6X- cept so far as the same are made specific limitations oncertain of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In apparatus of the character described, the combination swith ascraper, of a supporting element pivoted to the bottom of the scraperwhich engages the scraper to prevent backward tilting thereof, a pair ofcables for manipulating said scraper, and means for attaching saidcables to the forward end of the scraper, one of said cables extendingthrough and movably sustaining said supporting element.

In apparatus of the character described, the combination with a scraper,of a supporting element pivoted to the bottom of the scraper whichengages the scraper to prevent backward tilting thereof, a pair ofcables for manipulating said scraper, and means for attaching saidcables to the forward end of the scraper, one of said cables extendingthrough and movably sustaining said supporting element, and beingprovided with a stop adapted to abut against said clement.

3. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with ascraper, of a supporting element pivoted to the bottom of the scraperwhich engages the scraper to prevent backward tilting thereof, a pair ofcables, means for attaching said cables to the forward end of thescraper, one of said Furthermore,

cables extending through and movably sustaining said supporting element,and separate winding drums for said cables.

l. In apparatus of the cha "acter described, the combination with ascraper provided at the forward end with a flexible hail, of asupporting element pivoted to the bottom of the scraper which engagesthe scraper to prevent backward tilting thereof, and a pair of cablesfor manipulating said scraper which are attached to said bail, one ofsaid cables extending through and movably sustaining said supportingelement.

In apparatus of the character described, the combination with a scraperprovided at the forward end with a bail, of a supporting element pivotedto the bottom of the scraper which engages the scraper to preventbackward tilting thereof, and apair of cables for manipulating saidscraper which are attached to said bail, one of said cables extendingthrough and movably sustaining said supporting element.

6. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with ascraper, of a supporting element to which the bottom of the scraper ispivoted at points between its rear end and its center of gravity whenloaded which engages the scraper to prevent backward tilting thereof,and a pair of cables for manipulating said scraper which are attached tothe forward end of the scraper, one of said cables extending through andmovably sustaining said supporting element.

7. In apparatus of'the character described, the combination with ascraper, of an angular supporting element extending around the rear endof the scraper and pivoted to the bottom thereof at points between therear end of the scraper and its center of gravity when loaded, and apair of cables for manipulating said scraper which are attached to theforward end of the scraper. one of said cables extending through andmovably sustaining said supporting element.

8. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with ascraper, of a bail at the forward end of the scraper, a supportingelement to which the rear end of the bottom of the scraper is pivotedwhich engages the scraper toprevent backward tilting thereof, and a pairof cables for manipulating said scraper which are attached to said bail,one of which passes through and movably sustains said supporting elementand is provided at a distance from the point of attachment to the bailwith a stop adapted to abut against said supporting element when thescraper is dumped.

9. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with ascraper, of a bail at the forward end of the scraper, a supportingelement having a pivoted relation with the bottom of the scraper atpoints between the rear end of the scraper and its center of gravitywhen loaded which engages the scraper to prevent backward tiltingthereof, and a pair of cables for manipulating said scraper which areattached" to said bail, one

of which passes through and movably sustains said supporting element and15 prol l. e scraperand its center of gravity 1 and movably sustainssaid supporting element and provided with a stop at a distance from thepoint of attachment of said cable to the bail which is adapted to abutagainst said supporting element when the scraper is dumped, and separatewinding drums for said cables.

11. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with ascraper provided at the forward end with a flexible bail, of an angularsupporting element which extends around the rear end of said scraper andis pivoted to the bottom thereof at points between the rear end of thescraper and its center of gravity when loaded, a sheave mounted on theupper end of said supporting element, a pair of cables secured to saidbail, one of said cables extending under said sheave and provided with.a stop adapted to abut against said supporting element, and separatewinding drums for said cables.

12. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with asustaining structure, of a scraper, a pair of cables, means forattaching said cables to the forward end of said scraper, a supportingelement to which the rear end of the bottom of said scraper is pivotedwhich engages the scraper to prevent backward tilting thereof, and apair of sheaves on said sustaining structure oppositely disposed withrespect to the travel of the scraper, one of said cables extending overone of said pair of sheaves, the other cable extending through saidsupporting element and over the other of said pair of sheaves.

structure oppositely disposed with respectv to the travel of thescraper, one of said cables extending over one of sald pair of sheaves,the other cable extending through said supporting element and over theother of said pair of sheaves, and separate winding drums for saidcables.

14. in apparatus of the character described, the combination with a boomprovided at each end with a sheave, of a pair of separately operablewinding drums, a pair of cables extending around said sheavesrespectively, and adapted to be wound upon said winding drums, ascraper, means for securing said cables to the forward end of thescraper, and a supporting element through which one of said cablesextends, to which the rear end of the bottom of said scraper is pivotedwhich engages the scraper to prevent backward tilting thereof.

15. In apparatus of the character described, the combination with a boomprovided at each end with a sheave, of a pair of separately operablewinding drums, a pair of cables adapted to be wound on said drumsrespectively, and extending one over each of said sheaves, a scraperhaving a bail. at its forward end to which said cables are attached, anangular supporting element pivoted to the rear end of the bottom f thescraper at points between the back of the scraper and its center ofgravity when loaded, a sheave on said supporting element which bears onone of said cables and a stop secured to said last named cable adaptedto abut against said supporting element when the scraper is dumped.

16. A device for handling earth, and the like, comprising a scraper, abail attached to the forward end of said scraper, and an angular frameextending around the back of said scraper and pivoted to the bottomthereof at points between the back of the scraper and its center ofgravity when loaded.

lVILLIAM J. NEWMAN. Witnesses:

G. Y. SKINNER, L. A. FALKENBERG.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. G.

